The latter can provide low-emittance bunches without any bunching system. As an alternative option to a DC-HV thermionic gun, we have also considered a photoinjector with a high-quantum efficiency cathode. The CLIC drive beam injector requires an average electron beam current greater than 30 mA, which is among the highest values achieved in RF accelerators. Recent advances and developments of thermionic emitters can be found in Ref. Young, in Proceedings of the IEEE Particle Accelerator Conference, Accelerator Science and Technology ( IEEE, 1989), Vol. (69)80077-1 and are currently used in electron beam facilities for high energy physics or free-electron lasers. Thermionic electron guns have been operating for decades in electron linacs 5 5. The real CLIC-DB source will have to provide approximately half a mC of charge at a repetition rate of 50 Hz and will have to demonstrate the required stability. Although the CTF3 source was limited to a pulse length of only 1.5 µs, it allowed us to demonstrate the charge stability requirements at this pulse length. Zhou, in Proceedings of European Particle Accelerator Conference (EPAC), 2002,, pp. by taking advantage of extensive experimental activities at the CLIC Test Facility 3 (CTF3) and in collaboration with the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. Pepitone, in Proceedings of Linear Accelerator Conference (LINAC), 2014,, pp. In particular, the DB electron source requires 0.1% shot-to-shot overall charge stability along the 140 µs pulse. To meet the challenging CLIC luminosity requirements, the DB, which is the only power source of the MB, needs to be extremely stable, both in current and phase. The bunch combination scheme for the CLIC-DB is more efficient and less expensive than a RF power plant containing thousands of 12 GHz klystrons. Thanks to this combining process, the average DB electron beam current is increased from 4.2 A at the linac exit up to 101 A at the end of the drive beam complex. Finally, the DB consists of 24 sub-trains, each 240 ns-long, with a bunch repetition rate of 12 GHz.
CST STUDIO SUITE COIL FUNCTION CODE
The sub-harmonic bunching system is used to phase code the beam to allow bunch combination using RF-deflectors in a series of combiner rings. Then, after exiting the gun, the electron beam passes through a series of sub-harmonic bunchers operating at 500 MHz and is then accelerated up to 2.4 GeV by a fully loaded 1 GHz RF linear accelerator. In the CLIC scheme, the DB is produced from a so-called electrostatic DC gun, which delivers 140 µs electron pulses at a repetition rate of 50 Hz. The power extracted from the DB into the TS feeds the MB accelerating structures. The latter is a medium energy (2.4 GeV) high-current (101 A) electron beam that is decelerated in Transfer Structures (TSs), which are connected to the Main Beam (MB). CLIC is based on a two-beam acceleration scheme, in which the 12 GHz RF power needed for the main linear accelerator structures is extracted from a second beam, called the Drive Beam (DB). Aicheler et al., “ A multi-TeV linear collider based on CLIC technology: CLIC conceptual design report,” CERN Yellow Report No. The Compact LInear Collider (CLIC) project at CERN aims at building a 48 km-long electron–positron collider with a center of mass energy of 3 TeV.